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Pomeranian

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Breed Traits and Characteristics

According to the American Kennel Club, here are some breed characteristic you can find in Pomeranians. 

 

  • Height

    6-7 inches

  • Weight

    3-7 pounds

  • Life Expectancy

    12-16 years

  • Coat Type/Length

    Double/Long

  • 100 Affectionate with Family
  • 60 Good with Young Children
  • 60 Good with Other Dogs
  • 60 Trainability Level
  • 60 Energy Level
  • 80 Barking Level
  • 40 Shedding Level
  • 20 Drooling Level

History

The Pomeranian takes its name from Pomerania, a geographic area located in what is today northern Poland and western Germany. It was here that experts believe breeding and cross-breeding of large sled dogs created the smallest member of the Spitz (German for “sharp,” referring to their typically pointy noses) family – their cousins include Norwegian Elkhounds, Samoyeds, and the Malamute.

Pomeranians were very popular with 19th-century royalty, who were responsible for altering some of the breeds features and size. Queen Victoria was an especially big fan of the diminutive Pom, showing six of her own at the 1891 Crufts dog show. Over time, breeders further cemented their lush coats, small ears, and plumed tails, along with their short legs, pointed snouts, and big personalities.

The Pomeranian

The Pomeranian (or Pom, for short) is an unfailingly popular dog that consistently ranks in or around the American Kennel Club top 20 breeds. These compact, cuddly, and attractive canines – colloquially nicknamed “The Little Dog Who Thinks He Can” – combine high intelligence and a fearlessness belying their diminutive size with a distinctive lush coat and almond-shaped eyes. While they are active dogs, their small stature means they are comfortable in city or suburb, where they are easily exercised with vigorous indoor play or short jaunts outside.

Pomeranian Breed Facts

Physical Characteristics

Pomeranians are smaller dogs with thick, lush double coats, short, sturdy legs, a curling tail, and a pointy face. Their ears (inherited from Arctic breeds) are short, designed to limit loss of body heat. They are prone to knee issues, including luxating patella – a knee or patella dislocation, sometimes identified by a clicking sound in the knee area. Poms are also prone to tracheal collapse and should never be walked or trained on a collar or anything that places pressure on their trachea. It is vital to confirm their harness fits correctly.

Personality & Temperament

The Pomeranian has a big personality that belies their size. As a result, they can engage in conflicts with other dogs, asserting their perceived leadership status. This can place them at risk of being harmed by a larger breed.

Occasionally, this can lead to behavioral issues around the home. Poms will often want to be first to answer the door; they will bark at noises they hear, and they tend to want to run the entire household. Because of their cuteness, many people allow them to get away with otherwise unacceptable behavior.

Their tendency to bark can be problematic for apartment and condominium dwellers. They are very trainable, however, and with some determined management and ongoing education, they can become loving pets. We recommend basic training for all Poms – early, consistent training pays large dividends when it comes to avoiding future behavioral issues.

Breed Traits

Class

  • Toy Group

Color

  • Blue, Black, Black & Tan, Brindle, Cream, Merle (a recent addition by breeders, this distinct mottling of colors has seen a rise in deafness of the breed ranging from mild to severe), Orange, Sable, Spotted, White

Size

  • Small
  • Height: 6-7 inches
  • Weight: 3-7 pounds

Other Traits

  • Plumed tail that curls proudly over the hind quarters
  • Short ears, designed to maintain body heat
  • Fringe of feathery hair that adorns their short, study legs

Life Expectancy

  • The Pomeranian has a life expectancy of between 12 to 17 years.

Training Your Pomeranian

Tips for Potential Owners

  • While Poms are generally healthy, they can be susceptible to health conditions like luxating patella, hypothyroidism, collapsing tracheas, congestive heart failure, seizures, and alopecia X.
  • Pomeranians can get their exercise in small spaces, making them excellent dogs for apartment and city dwellers.
  • Poms have high activity levels and do best when not left inactive for long hours.
  • If you are thinking of purchasing a Pomeranian, it is important to source from a responsible breeder who is breeding for not only looks, but health and temperament as well. Rescues are also great options for prospective Pom owners. Contact your local Bark Busters trainer today to learn about great breeders and rescue organizations near you!
  • All dogs need a special place to call their own. By selecting a place for yours to eat and sleep away from high traffic areas of your home, you can set good habits early in its life. Prevention is far more preferable to a cure – early basic obedience training is vitally important to ensure your Pomeranian understands and follows your rules.

We are standing by to help you develop a consistent, compassionate approach to good behavior for your Pomeranian. Learn more about our services and schedule an appointment with one of our trainers today!

Connect with Us!

Need help training your Pomeranian? Call 1-877-500-BARK (2275)or enter your zip code.

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Bark Busters Trainer Jeff Drier on the Pomeranian

As The American Kennel Club aptly states, “the Pomeranian combines a tiny body and a commanding big-dog demeanor.” Most of the problems we see with Pomeranians as Bark Busters® trainers are due to people treating them not as big dogs, but as babies. We’ve seen Pomeranians who refuse to walk – with or without a leash – because they have been carried so much. We have seen them bark nonstop, almost like a child having a tantrum, when they don’t get their way.

It’s important to understand that Pomeranians, like all dogs, can view themselves as being big, like a German Shepherd. Most people would not carry around a German Shepherd, but they think nothing about scooping up a Pom, nestling it in the crook of their arm, and carrying it every place they go. As a result, Poms can become demanding and protective of the person catering to them. They become stressed and act out, causing their human family stress, and creating an ongoing vicious cycle.

Fortunately, Pomeranians are typically smart dogs who aim to please. With a few modifications to their owners’ behavior, things can change for the better. Take Princess, a beautiful, professionally groomed Pom: she was the pride and joy of wife Susan – and the bane of her husband Peter.

Susan had adopted Princess before meeting Peter, and initially she was a cute, funny, and endearing dog. Once Susan and Peter moved in together, however, Princess became more protective of Susan. She would sit directly beside Susan or in Susan’s lap, growling and baring her teeth if Peter approached. The same thing would happen when Susan was in bed and Peter came into the room. Finally, after months of stress, they reached their limit when Princess bit Peter. Both Susan and Peter agreed that if Princess’s behavior didn’t change, she would need to be rehomed.

Fortunately, Susan and Peter called Bark Busters. Our trainer, Cathy, met with them to learn about Princess’ history and relationships with Susan and Peter. Once Cathy understood the causes of Princess’s behavior, she explained them to Susan and Peter, then developed a program to create positive changes.

Cathy coached them through some exercises and Princess responded beautifully. She preached consistency in practicing the exercises, as it would likely take a few weeks to make concrete changes. Susan and Peter were excited and encouraged by Princess’ responses to early training and made regular commitments to practice the exercises, vowing to keep Cathy posted about their progress.

A couple of weeks after that initial session, Cathy received a report from Susan and Peter that Princess was like a different dog. She was no longer growling or snapping at Peter and she was much more relaxed. As a result, Susan and Peter were more relaxed and happier as well!

If you are having behavioral issues with your Pomeranian, your local Bark Busters trainer is standing by to help. Our trainers can assist in establishing a pattern of consistency, resolve any and all issues, and help you nurture a relationship with your Pomeranian built on mutual understanding, trust, respect, and love.

Pomeranian Grooming

While grooming a Pomeranian is easy, their luxurious double coat – a soft, dense, thick undercoat, with a straight (and much longer) outer coat – requires daily attention. A once-a-week brushing using a pin brush and slicker brush can help further alleviate any issues and keep hair from matting. Tangling can occur during the Pom’s twice-yearly undercoat shedding, and clipping is advisable every couple of months to further help manage the coat; because of their active lifestyles, their nails should be cut short as well. The American Kennel Club also advises owners find a groomer to perform a full groom every four to six weeks.

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Hear from Bark Busters Clients Who Have a Pomeranian

We have two Pomeranians. One we just got was a rescue. Our vet believes she is 3 and her name is Boo. She had been abused and kept caged for 12-14 hours a day. She was very aggressive when we got her and had the fear she would bite someone. Our Vet recommended Bark Busters and Lexie came and gave the first lesson. Within an hour she had Boo responding to the corrections. It has now been a month and Boo is like a different dog. Although she still does not trust strangers once I give the correction she responds immediately. I am so impressed with the way that Lexie works with the dogs and how they respond. I would strongly recommend Lexie and Bark Busters to anyone.
My husband and I have a strong willed, high maintenance, yappy pomeranian, Bear. We dealt with his craziness for way too long and finally decided we needed help! After one visit with Patrick that has all changed. During our visit we learned how to speak dog and gain back our control. We now have an obediant dog that is much easier to manage. Who you gonna call? Bark Busters!
Working with Michelle from Bark Busters has been so very helpful with our feisty (albeit adorable) little Pomeranian who kind of thought he was in charge of the world! Michelle provided super helpful tools, strategies, and information so we could understand how dogs think and communicate, and learn how to change our dogs behavior by changing our behavior. It takes practice, however the strategies work! She has made herself readily available via a combination of in person sessions, phone calls and texts. We highly recommend Bark Busters! Thank you!
Robert was an absolute pleasure! He truly cares not only about your dog, but also about how you and your family use his techniques consistently. Throughout my training with my seven month old Pomeranian, Robert was very thorough and encouraging. His professionalism and expertise was invaluable. I have seen amazing results already with Robert’s technique and training. I look forward to my next session with him in the next few weeks.
We hired Justin for our 1 year old Frenchie, Medusa. She used to be a total nightmare. Food aggressive toward our other Frenchie, snapping whenever we tried to wipe anything in front of her, couldn't fix blankets without her attacking them, constant jumping/hyperactivity and she would NEVER sit in her car seat for a ride, constantly had to be held. After working with Justin, everything changed.

Justin never used a shock collar or boarded her. He came to our home and used his corrective action and tool kit to keep her in the green zone at all times. Within a few sessions she stopped guarding her food, allowed us to clean without any aggression, and for the first time she slept through an entire car ride.

The results have been dramatic and lasting. Justin also taught US clear, humane cues so we can keep the progress going on our own. If you want a trainer who respects your dog, works in your environment, and delivers real, lasting change, Justin is the one to call. He is also a super amazing human who has great energy and responds to every text/questions even after the sessions. He will definitely be getting a Christmas gift! He has changed our lives and hers!!
We have two dogs whom we rescued and, despite weighing only 30 lbs. each, they were running the place. They only responded to commands when there was something in it for them.
We just had our initial 3 hour session with Michael, and already they are calmer, less timid in new situations, and respond almost immediately when they are corrected - by using our voices and/or clapping almost exclusively.
We have tried obedience classes and training methods before with other dogs - and none of them have made this much difference in so little time!
Michael was amazing as he was very kind and patient.His knowledge of a dogs brain and how it works made our first session a success.I am impressed how much Duke learned in a short period of time.Now instead of feeling anxious about taking him out I feel more confident.Looking forward to our next sessions.Thank you Mike!!
Highly recommend! Barbara has been amazing with my dog. After the first visit alone, I saw such a big difference in his manners. Not only has it been great for my dog, but for me as the owner. Barbara has helped me gain such a boost in confidence in training him also.
We would highly recommend Sharon and Bark Busters. We were having trouble with our pup especially with personal space, general obedience, no recall, fear of people, and barking at everything. We have had many dogs before but this one is a handful. When Sharon came, it was remarkable how quickly our dog responded. She showed us simple, effective exercises and clearly explained what we needed to do to get our dog where we wanted her to be. It was also great to have a training method that is friendly and not treat-driven. Looking back, it’s surprising how far off we were in using the right approach, but with Sharon’s guidance, we’ve seen a dramatic improvement in our dog.
Bark Busters training absolutely transformed the dynamic with our two beloved pit bull rescues!!
As dog-owners for 18 years, it was extremely disheartening to be experiencing such a difficult time with these two otherwise sweet and affectionate dogs. Both were very reactive to other dogs, cats, squirrels, birds, etc. and walks had become a dreaded task. One was extremely fearful and reactive to loud noises. After numerous incidents of being dragged or knocked over during walks, we decided to look into some training. Within one session, James taught us how to communicate effectively with them and gave us skills to practice to achieve calm, relaxing walks with our pups. It is well worth the time and the expense to give it a try. We wish we had done it sooner instead of spending a fortune on dozens of leashes, "no-pull" harnesses, prong collars, even pet store training classes that never, never fixed the problem. The method James teaches WORKS!! It is not an exaggeration to say it was life-changing for our family!!
And in the span of just a few weeks, I have never seen our two dogs, Honey & Cookie, more confident and content.
Our super reactive lab has been through 4 different trainers and he has gotten a little better each time but has been VERY challenging with guests at our home and walks in our neighborhood - until we met James with Bark Busters! Having James come to our house and train in our neighborhood has been a game changer. We had SIGNIFICANT progress after just one visit - more than several lessons with all our other trainers.

James is great at explaining how to read Carl, he gives us different tools to use for Carl's different issues and always follows up with a thorough summary of what we went over in lessons and what to continue to work on.

It is incredible the change we have seen in our boy Carl and we are so grateful to James! And he is a super nice guy to boot!
We had a fantastic experience working with James and can't recommend him highly enough.
Our dog Yaki used to be a serious puller on walks and would get overly excited whenever he saw other dogs.
It got to the point where we'd actively avoid other dogs altogether--which isn't exactly practical in a townhome community full of them.

James didn't just "train the dog"-he trained us. He helped us understand how to recognize when Yaki was entering that "yellow zone" before things escalated to red, and gave us the tools to redirect him early. His approach focused on energy, body language, and even using our own "bark" to communicate clearly and confidently.

The biggest shift was helping Yaki understand that he doesn't need to protect us--we've got that covered.
That change alone made a world of difference.

Now, walks are actually enjoyable. We can move through our neighborhood calmly and confidently without the constant stress we used to feel.

If you're dealing with similar challenges, James is absolutely worth it.
Lynn Woodard was above and beyond our wildest expectations. She only had 2 weeks to work with our daughter’s dog, Daisy. She was so professional, kind and supportive, and after only 3 sessions we all saw a huge change in both Daisy’s behavior and the way in which our daughter now felt comfortable and in control.
Thank you Lynn for all your help. You are an asset to your company, a real gem.
Lynn is a class act! She is truly amazing. So kind and professional and knowledgeable. We are so impressed! Thank you Lynn!! Love the approach and the simplicity. She is a real gem!
First I want to start by saying it all started with the first initial phone call…. Hanna was wonderful and put me at complete ease with my difficult pet situation. We then met and again still just as wonderful in person as on the phone she’s great with my pets and helps to train us as well!
Wow.... Hannah from Bark Busters is pure magic at teaching us about dog psychology and how to manage dog behavior. Our 1 year old golden retriever was really a wild teenager 2 days ago. Today he is well mannered and making the right choices. Hard to believe but totally true! I highly recommend Hannah at Bark busters Phoenix/Scottsdale..
Hannah has worked with us to train our puppy and our senior dog (and us) ever since we brought our puppy home. Her positive approach to training works like a charm — it is truly amazing to watch her in action. She is encouraging and patient with each new challenge we have faced as our puppy develops, arming us with the tools we need to succeed. Thanks to Hannah, we are a happy “pack” with years of enjoyment ahead of us. I recommend her wholeheartedly!
Bark Busters has been absolutely incredible so far! Our dog Aurelius, a high-energy and highly intelligent Jack Russell, has already made huge strides thanks to their thoughtful and strategic approach to training.

As any Jack Russell owner knows, they’re clever, spirited, and will definitely test boundaries if you let them! From the start, Hanna has shown a deep understanding of Aurelius’ needs. She’s not only brilliant during our 1:1 sessions, but she’s also developed a personalized training plan that gives us tools to use in everyday life. The consistency between sessions and homework has made all the difference.

What stands out most is the clarity and structure of Bark Busters' program. Hanna’s expertise has helped us build the right kind of boundaries—ones that support Aurelius’ confidence and reinforce our role as calm, assertive leaders.

We’re so excited about the progress we’ve already made, and we know we have more to go—but it’s reassuring to know we have such an amazing trainer guiding us. If you're on the fence, this is hands-down the best investment you can make in your dog’s behavior and your peace of mind!
Hannah is incredible! My GSD, Elvira caught on the very first day. I was afraid she was going to be untrainable!!! I look forward to more training seasons. At this rate Elvira will be making our family dinners! 10/10 recommend.
I was apprehensive of all dog training honestly!! Hanna and Bark Busters approach is completely different than all other trainers and facilities I’ve interviewed. I feel more empowered and the dogs are happier, and our bond has increased. It sounds odd to say but I feel the dog love flowing between us and them even more, because boundaries are clear so we can enjoy the time together without stress! It’s life changing magic it really is.
My husband has had dogs all his life but these two special personalities needed extra attention from a pro to manage some reactivity and just over the top goofy behavior. Well worth every penny spent!!!
Hannah has been an amazing with our rescued golden doodle. He had severe reactivity with other dogs and she gave us the tools to improve his behavior significantly. After a few trips to the dog park walking around the outside just observing and desensitizing him he was able to sniff a few dogs through the fence without getting aggressive. We still have lots of work to do but I would highly recommend Bark Busters and Hannah. She’s fabulous and very patient!
Just started working with Hanna and so far super impressed with the work that she has done. We have a very smart 10 month old puppy who is too smart for his own good. Hanna spent over two hours working with us and getting us into a good routine. Reinforcing what we were doing right and teaching us (and our up) where we needed to make adjustments. Great job so far!!
Hanna is amazing! Our dogs are 8 and 11 and we are correcting some behavioral issues along with leash training. We didn’t think it would be possible to train them at this age! Highly recommend Bark Busters!
We addressed all of her concerns and troubles. We highly recommend to anyone! She now doesnt pull on leash and is understadning her place.
Scot, thank you very much for our training session. We feel that it was successful. Our dogs bark much less on walks. They sleep separately all night. Seem much more obedient. We definitely will recommend your service to others. Sincerely Janna and Boris, Lucy and Dusya. 🦮
I felt very comfortible with our session. Orlando was wonderful. I am happy we got Bellas collar on and happy to see them not jumping on people when they coem to the door.
Orlando was punctual & polite. Orlando taught the training in a digestible & easy to understand manner.
Was a learning lesson for all of us. Interesting getting to know dog behavior was amazing!

Ready for a Better-Behaved Pom? Fill Out Our Form and Explore the Benefits of Professional Training!

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